Amniocentesis
Definition
A procedure in which amniotic fluid is withdrawn through the abdomen during pregnancy. The cells in this fluid are examined to assess the health of the fetus.
When it is done: Typically between the 15th and 20th weeks of pregnancy. It can also be done later to assess lung development or to diagnose conditions such as anemia due to Rh incompatibility.
Purpose, what it can diagnose:
- Chromosomal disorders (Down syndrome)
- Genetic diseases (cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, Tay-Sachs)
- Neural tube defects (spina bifida, anencephaly)
- Infections and other fetal diseases
Results
This is a DIAGNOSTIC test:
Amniocentesis is a diagnostic test. That is, it tells you whether your baby has a specific health problem, and the results are almost always accurate, unlike screening tests, which only report a probability.
Risks and Limitations
The procedure carries a risk:
It carries a very small risk (less than 1%) of causing a miscarriage.
Minor complications such as cramping and vaginal bleeding may also occur.