Semen Analysis
Definition
A test that evaluates the quantity and quality of semen and sperm.
Purpose
It has two main uses:
- Fertility investigation, identifying problems that make conception difficult, such as low sperm count or poor motility
- Vasectomy follow-up, confirming whether the procedure was successful; usually performed 8 to 16 weeks after the procedure
Results
Seven parameters are measured:
| Parameter | What it shows |
|---|---|
| Volume | Amount of semen |
| Sperm count | Total sperm in the sample |
| Density | Sperm per milliliter |
| Motility | Percentage of sperm moving effectively |
| Shape (morphology) | Percentage of normally shaped sperm |
| pH | Acidity level |
| Liquefaction time | Time for semen to become fluid |
Normal Values
Laboratory specific, refer to the reference range on your report.
Risks and Limitations
There should be no ejaculation for 2 to 7 days before the sample, this is required so the sperm count can be measured accurately. Lubricants should not be used, and the inside of the container must not be touched. If not all results are normal, this does not mean permanent infertility. Because sperm quality varies from day to day, the test may need to be repeated.