Definition

The TOR1A gene encodes the torsin-1A ATPase, which is involved in protein transport and the ER stress response; the c.907_909delGAG mutation, seen in more than 98% of cases, causes DYT1 through a dominant-negative mechanism. Onset is typically in childhood (median age 9 years) with action-specific dystonia in a leg or arm and may progress to generalized dystonia; it does not shorten life expectancy.

Gene/region analyzed

DYT1 - GAG deletion

Method

Sequence analysis

Accepted sample types

EDTA blood, AF, CVS

Inheritance

Hereditary, autosomal dominant, with low penetrance (about 30% of carriers develop the disease).

Related Tests

Inheritance Patterns

Describes how a genetic condition is passed on within a family. There are five main patterns

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Carrier (Heterozygous / Homozygous)

Why it matters: In autosomal recessive inheritance, when each parent is a carrier (while both appear healthy), the chance of their child being born with the disease is 25% in each

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VUS (Variant of Uncertain Significance)

This is the situation where the test has detected a change in the DNA, but the role of this change in the development of disease is unconfirmed.

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How to Read a Genetic Test Result (Positive / Negative / VUS)

A genetic test result falls into three main categories

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Types of Genetic Tests

A genetic test is a type of medical test that detects changes in genes, chromosomes or proteins. Today there are more than 77,000 genetic tests available.

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