Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) is a genetic screening procedure used during in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to examine embryos for specific genetic abnormalities before they are placed in the uterus. The primary aim of PGT is to ensure that only genetically healthy embryos are selected, thereby increasing the chance of a successful pregnancy and reducing the risk of passing on hereditary genetic disorders. PGT is particularly recommended for couples with a history of hereditary disease or couples undergoing assisted reproduction for infertility, where the risk of genetic anomalies is higher.
PGT involves taking a biopsy from the embryo at the blastocyst stage (usually on day 5 or 6 of development) and analyzing it in the laboratory. In our laboratory, embryos can be examined comprehensively: in addition to chromosomal disorders, screening for conditions such as thalassemia, cystic fibrosis and SMA and determination of HLA compatibility are possible.
Three Types of PGT
- PGT-A (Aneuploidy): Screens for numerical chromosome abnormalities, helping to prevent conditions such as Down syndrome and reducing the risk of miscarriage.
- PGT-SR (Structural Rearrangements): Detects structural chromosome abnormalities such as translocations that can lead to infertility or genetic disorders.
- PGT-M (Monogenic Diseases): Detects single-gene disorders such as cystic fibrosis, thalassemia or Huntington's disease.